Interference and Outage Analysis of Random D2D Networks Underlaying Millimeter-Wave Cellular Networks

Abstract

Device-to-device (D2D) networks underlaying a millimeter-wave cellular network have great potential for capacity growth. Thus, it is important to characterize the outage of such a D2D link incorporating millimeter-wave propagation effects, user association rules, power control, and spatial randomness. To this end, we model the locations of cellular transmitters and receivers as homogeneous Poisson point processes and those of the D2D nodes as a Matern cluster process, and incorporate blockages due to random objects, sectored antenna patterns, log-distance path loss, and Nakagami- $m$ fading. Furthermore, we consider antenna gain inversion-based power control, and peak power constraints for D2D devices along with distinct path loss exponents and distinct fading severities for line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS scenarios. With the aid of stochastic geometry tools, we derive closed-form expressions of the moment generating function of the aggregate interference on a D2D receiver node and its outage probability for two transmitter–receiver association schemes— nearest association and LOS association. We finally show that the feasibility of millimeter-wave D2D communication relies heavily on the D2D cluster radii, peak power thresholds, and node densities. Furthermore, these parameters affect the performance of the desired link more than the interference and noise.