Abstract
The interfacial tension of Fe–Si liquid was measured using in situ X-ray radiography at high pressure and temperatures using the sessile drop method. The interfacial tension of Fe–Si liquid decreases (from 665 to 407mN/m) with increasing temperature (1673–2173K) at 1.5GPa. The interfacial tension also decreases gradually with increasing Si content (0–25at%), suggesting that Si behaves as a “moderately” surface-active element. Comparing the effects of different light elements on the interfacial tension of liquid iron, the most effective elements for reducing the interfacial tension lie in the order S>Si>P, although P has almost no effect. The droplet size of emulsified Fe-alloys in a magma ocean are estimated to be larger for Fe–Si and Fe–P liquids and smaller for Fe–S (S>10at%) liquid compared with that for pure Fe liquid. Therefore, if droplets in a magma ocean are enriched in S, chemical equilibrium between droplets and silicate melt is established faster in the magma ocean compared to Fe, Fe–Si and Fe–P liquids.
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