Abstract
A stiff thin film on a heated compliant substrate may buckle when the system is cooled due to the thermal expansion mismatch between the film and substrate. Highly ordered herringbone patterns are observed as the system continues to cool. A theoretical model for the herringbone pattern coupling the interfacial shear traction is developed to understand the underlying mechanism. It is shown that the interfacial shear traction plays a key role on the formation of the herringbone pattern. Its effects on the buckling wavelength and amplitude are also given in the paper. The results agree well with experiments and therefore provide valuable guide to the precise design and control of the buckling profile in many applications ranging from stretchable electronics to micro/nanoscale surface patterning and precision metrology.
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