Abstract
The combination of yttrium iron garnet (Y3Fe2(FeO4)3, YIG) and ferromagnetic materials or antiferromagnetic materials has attracted much attention because of its potential in applications such as spin pumping. In this study, a high-temperature and oxygen-poor environment was used to deposit a CoOx top layer on YIG for the observation of magnetic modulation. The temperature- and saturation-field-dependent bias shift of the YIG hysteresis loop was observed. The complex modulation of the magnetic behavior originated from the magnetic coupling of the antiferromagnetic CoO and an additional interfacial coupling of the ferromagnetic CoOx. Depth-profiling X-ray photoemission spectroscopy revealed the nonuniform stoichiometric distribution in the 20-nm CoOx layer, which confirmed the origin of the various magnetic coupling effects on the bottom YIG layer. The comparative ferromagnetic resonance measurements also demonstrated the considerable magnetic coupling effect on the dynamic magnetism of the YIG.
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