Abstract
A comparison is made between the properties of electrical double layers on classical, heterodisperse haematite prepared by neutralization of a ferric salt solution by the addition of base and on homodisperse sol of the same material precipitated from an acidified ferric salt solution at elevated temperatures. The consequences of heating and rehydration are also considered. Direct measurement of the surface charge, in conjunction with electrophoresis and streaming potential studies are followed by a thermodynamic analysis of the ionic components of charge. A detailed picture of the double layer composition is obtained. Homodisperse and classical sols have very similar surface electrochemical properties, but the homodisperse sols tend to be less prone to specific adsorption. Both sols have a pristine point of zero charge of 9.5 provided they are properly purified. Heating of the sols leads to dramatic changes in the surface structure.
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