Abstract
Abstract 1. XPS and SIMS in conjunction with a suitably chosen liquid model system form a powerful and highly complementary set of analytical tools for the study of the interaction between steel surfaces and unsaturated molecules; 2. We have presented evidence for an oxidative mechanism for the formation of a chemical bond between freshly abraded steel surfaces and squalene at 160°C. Such a bond can only be formed by unsaturated molecules on clean steel surfaces which exhibit a catalytic activity for the oxidation reaction. 3. This squalene approach appears to be very useful for the study and optimization of the bonding of 1,4-dienes to steel directly. The effects of the individual compounding ingredients on the rate of bond formation might conveniently be studied in this way in order to optimize compound formulations and surface preparations. The usefulness and limitations of a liquid model system such as squalene for the study of various aspects of natural rubber chemistry have been documented.
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