Abstract
The grain size is a determinant microstructural feature to enable the activation of deformation twinning in hexagonal close-packed (hcp) metals. Although deformation twinning is one of the most effective mechanisms for improving the strength-ductility trade-off of structural alloys, its activation is reduced with decreasing grain size. This work reports the discovery of the activation of deformation twinning in a fine-grained hcp microstructure by introducing ductile body-centered cubic (bcc) nano-layer interfaces. The fast solidification and cooling conditions of laser-based additive manufacturing are exploited to obtain a fine microstructure that, coupled with an intensified intrinsic heat treatment, permits to generate the bcc nano-layers. In situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction allows tracking the activation and evolution of mechanical twinning in real-time. The findings obtained show the potential of ductile nano-layering for the novel design of hcp damage tolerant materials with improved life spans.
Highlights
The grain size is a determinant microstructural feature to enable the actimetals like Ti, Zr, and Mg, are used in highvation of deformation twinning in hexagonal close-packed metals
A high strength-ductility trade-off is obtained compared to the state-ofthe-art materials. These findings show the potential of ductile interface nanolayering for promoting mechanical twinning in small grain microstructures and open up new Twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP)-based alloy-design strategies for damage tolerant materials
Such decomposition is pronounced during Laser-based additive manufacturing (LAM) manufacturing by direct energy deposition (DED) and electron beam melting (EBM) owing to the lower cooling rates involved and longer exposure times at high temperature.[18]
Summary
The grain size is a determinant microstructural feature to enable the actimetals like Ti, Zr, and Mg, are used in highvation of deformation twinning in hexagonal close-packed (hcp) metals. This work reports the discovery of the activation of deformation twinning in a fine-grained hcp microstructure by the aerospace, nuclear, automotive, chemical engineering, and bioengineering sectors.[2] Ti-alloys find a widespread use in aerospace structural components such as fan blades of jet engines or landing gears. They exhibit superior specific strength solidification and cooling conditions of laser-based additive manufacturing are exploited to obtain a fine microstructure that, coupled with an intensified intrinsic heat treatment, permits to generate the bcc nano-layers. Introduction shape change, and only in particular cases, deformation may be accommodated via slip.[2,4] This anisotropy of the hcp lattice
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