Abstract
Hybrid organic–inorganic nanocomposites have attracted considerable attention because they have the advantages of both conjugated polymers (CPs) and nanocrystals (NCs). Recent developments in the interfacial engineering of CP–NC organic–inorganic nanocomposites enabled the formation of an intimate contact between NCs and CPs, facilitating electronic interactions between these two constituents. To design CP–NC nanocomposites, several approaches have been introduced, including ligand refluxing, direct grafting methods, direct growth of NCs in proximity to CPs, and template-guided strategies. In this review, the general reactions of ligand exchange processes, purification methods, and characterization techniques have been briefly introduced. This is followed by a highlight of recent advances in the synthesis of hybrid CP–NC nanocomposites and newly developed inorganic surface treatments, as well as their applications. An outlook for future directions in this area is also presented.
Highlights
Hybrid organic–inorganic nanocomposites, composed of semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) and conjugated polymers (CPs), have garnered significant attention because they offer promising opportunities for the development of optoelectronic devices, including light-emitting diodes (LEDs) [1,2], photovoltaic cells [3], sensors [4,5,6], and tunable lasers [7,8,9]
We first present an overview of the methodologies in the interfacial engineering of organic–inorganic semiconductor materials based on the ligand exchange approach, direct grafting technique, in situ growth method, template strategy, and inorganic ligand surface engineering
The most straightforward and versatile method, the simple ligand exchange, which relies on adsorption-desorption kinetics to place functional groups on the NC surface, is not effective to detach covalently bonded ligands, i.e., X-type surfactants
Summary
Hybrid organic–inorganic nanocomposites, composed of semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) and conjugated polymers (CPs), have garnered significant attention because they offer promising opportunities for the development of optoelectronic devices, including light-emitting diodes (LEDs) [1,2], photovoltaic cells [3], sensors [4,5,6], and tunable lasers [7,8,9]. Organic–inorganic hybrid nanocomposites possess large interfacial areas, which can be beneficial to obtain high reactivity in solar cells and electrochemical applications [14,15]. In this context, different types of nanocrystals have been incorporated into the CP matrices. Conventional ligand refluxing often results in remnants of fatty aliphatic ligands on the NC surface, despite repeated purification procedures, detrimentally affecting the opto-electronic performance [28] To this end, ligand exchange methods have been introduced involving inorganic ligands, such as molecular metal chalcogenide complexes, chalcogenide ions, and halide ligands [29]. The advances in surface treatment, using inorganic ligands for the design of CP–NC nanocomposites, have been highlighted
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