Abstract
Recent trends in building energy systems such as local renewable energy generation have created a distinct demand for energy storage systems to reduce the influence and dependency on the electric power grid. Under the current market conditions, a range of commercially available residential energy storage systems with batteries has been produced. This paper addresses the area of energy storage systems from multiple directions to provide a broader view on the state-of-the-art developments and trends in the field. Present standards and associated limitations of storage implementation are briefly described, followed by the analysis of parameters and features of commercial battery systems for residential applications. Further, the power electronic converters are reviewed in detail, with the focus on existing and perspective non-isolated solutions. The analysis covers well-known standard topologies, including buck-boost and bridge, as well as emerging solutions based on the unfolding inverter and fractional/partial power converters. Finally, trends and future prospects of the residential battery storage technologies are evaluated.
Highlights
Consumption of resources as well as their collection and processing are usually uneven
From the point of view of their features and functions, the earlier BESSs were focused on local power supply and equalization or shift of peak consumption, but the newer systems have a range of advanced functions, for example, integration on energy system level, i.e., possibility of combining several household grids with BESS into a distributed power plant
Switches located at grid the grid are continuously conducting this converter, the the switches located at the side side are continuously conducting at theat version derived from the full-bridge topology can be synthesized by means of direct comthe corresponding voltage polarity that reduces switching
Summary
Consumption of resources as well as their collection and processing are usually uneven. This, in particular, regards electrical engineering, the rapid development of which during the last two centuries has formed the demand for storages of electrical energy even at the level of residential applications. In spite of the most recent achievements in the field of fuel cells [6,7] and development of converter technologies for fuel cells [8], the most functional, reliable and energy efficient equipment for electrical energy is an electrochemical battery energy storage (BES) system. Most recent achievements in the field of fuel cells [6,7] and development of converter technologies for fuel cells [8], the most functional, reliable and energy efficient equipment for electrical energy is an electrochemical battery energy storage (BES) system.
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