Abstract
Using the ERA-Interim total column ozone data, the spatial distributions of the long-term mean of the global total ozone in summer are analyzed. The results demonstrate that there are three midlatitude ozone “valleys” on earth—they are centered over the Tibetan Plateau (TIP), the Rocky Mountains (ROM), and the Southwest Pacific (SWP), respectively. The interdecadal variations of the three ozone valleys are positively modulated by the solar radiation, and the TIP ozone’s correlation with the solar radiation gets maximized with a two-year lag. The interdecadal variation of the SWP ozone valley has a significantly negative relationship with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the South Pacific quadrupole (SPQ). Warm sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) associated with the SPQ strengthen the vertical ascending motion, which dilutes the high concentration ozone at high altitudes. The interdecadal variation of the ROM ozone valley is positively correlated with the PDO, leading by three years. The ROM ozone content is also modulated by SSTAs in the Indian Ocean basin (IOB) by the circumglobal teleconnection (CGT). The observed regional SSTAs can exert a significant impact on the regional and even global circulation, via which the ozone content in midlatitudes also varies.
Highlights
Ozone is one of the most important components in the atmosphere
Another ozone low center was found in the upper stratosphere over the Tibetan Plateau (TIP) by Guo et al [15] in Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) II data
To thoroughly study the interdecadal component, an year running average was performed for Tibetan Plateau Index (TPI), TPI, To thoroughly study the interdecadal component, an 11 year running average was performed for RMI, andSWPI, Southwest Pacific Index (SWPI),so sothat thatthe the interannual component with a period ofyears
Summary
Ozone is one of the most important components in the atmosphere. Ozone in the stratosphere can absorb short-wave radiation, and plays a vital role in balancing stratospheric energy [1,2,3] and protecting the ecosystem [4]. Later studies [12,13,14] successively confirmed the existence of the ozone valley over the TIP Another ozone low center was found in the upper stratosphere over the TIP by Guo et al [15] in Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) II data. Using reanalysis data and satellite data, Zhou and Chen [21] found that when the South Asian high is enhanced, the isothermal surface of 120–30 hPa rises, corresponding to an anomalous updraft. This updraft transports the low-ozone air upward, thereby reducing the ozone concentration. We use the ERA-Interim total column ozone data to locate the midlatitude ozone valleys in summer, to explore their interdecadal variations, and to establish the relationship between ozone valleys and solar cycles or between oceanic variations and ozone on the decadal timescale
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