Abstract
ABSTRACT Sixty-seven tulip samples intercepted from the Netherlands by the Brazilian Agriculture Ministry, between 2004 and 2006, and two samples from São Paulo local market, Brazil, were assayed by serological and biological techniques, as well as by electron microscopy observations, for virus screening. In bulbs from the Netherlands potexviruses were detected in five samples and tobamoviruses in other three. Symptoms induced in some differential hosts were similar to those caused by Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), while serological results indicated an infection byTulip virus X. In two tulip samples from local flower shops, a Potyviridae was identified based on the presence of flexuous particles and cytoplasmic cylindrical inclusions. Mechanical transmission tests to potyvirus hosts in the Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae and Solanaceae species were negative, making possible to exclude a possible infection by Turnip mosaic viru, a common virus species in tulips. Although TVX could be detected in intercepted tulip bulbs from the Netherlands, the virus is only reported in Scotland, Japan and USA.
Highlights
INTERCEPTAÇÃO DE VÍRUS EM TULIPAS IMPORTADAS PELO BRASIL
Tulip viruses which are responsible for the color break are: Arabis mosaic virus, Cucumber mosaic virus, Lily symptomless virus, Tobacco rattle virus; Tobacco ringspot virus; Tomato bushy stunt virus; Tulip virus X (TVX) and the potyviruses Lily mottle virus – LMoV (= Tulip band-breaking virus – TBBV), Tulip breaking virus – TBV, Tulip mosaic virus, Rembrandt tulip breaking virus, and Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) (= Tulip chlorotic blotch virus, Tulip top breaking virus) (DEKKER et al, 1993; ASJES, 1994; MOWAT, 1995; LESNAW; GHABRIAL, 2000; SE; KANEMATSU, 2002)
Other virus species reported in tulips include: Olive latent virus 1, Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Tobacco necrosis virus (TNV)
Summary
INTERCEPTAÇÃO DE VÍRUS EM TULIPAS IMPORTADAS PELO BRASIL. Sessenta e sete amostras de tulipas interceptadas da Holanda pelo Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, entre os anos de 2004 e 2006, e duas amostras, adquiridas no comércio local de São Paulo, foram avaliadas para a presença de vírus por meio de ensaios biológicos, sorológicos e observações ao microscópio eletrônico. The present work was undertaken with the aim of detecting and identifying bulb-borne viruses in the imported material destined to the official screening analysis, and in tulips formerly available in the local market. The following materials were examined through biological and serological tests, and by electron microscope observations: (i) a bulb bearing flowers with ‘color break’, purchased in a local supermarket – sample 1 (Fig. 1); (ii) a flower showing ‘color break’ symptoms purchased in a local flower shop; (iii) 67 tulip-bulb samples from the Netherlands and intercepted by Brazilian Agriculture Ministry belonging to 20 different cultivars: ‘Ad Rem’, ‘Barcelona’, ‘Don Quixote’, ‘Golden Parade’, ‘Happy
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