Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered an inflammatory process with systemic involvement of the vascular tree. Asymptomic coronary artery disease is common in diabetic patients and is a strong predictor for future adverse coronary vascular events as well as early death. The objective of this study was to determine serum levels Intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1), Vascular adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1), interleukin 1- β (IL1 - β), and C - Reactive protein (CRP) in relation to some markers indicative of type II diabeticT2DM. Methods: 50 patients in early stage of T2DM with no cardiovascular history and 30 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. All anthropometrical indexes were measured in two groups. Laboratory investigations including: Fasting blood sugar (FBS) and lipid profile were measured by enzymatic colorimetric methods. Serum insulin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, IL1- β, and CRP were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ELISA. Results: The levels of FBS (195.94± 12.178mg/dL), Insulin (18.627± 1.224µIU/ml). VCAM-1 (2017.3± 108.908 ng/dl), IL1-β (29.559 ± 1.225 pg/ml), CRP (23.989± 2.526 mg/l), and lipid abnormality, were highest in diabetic patients with significant differences (P<0.05) when compared with those of control group, while ICAM show no significant difference (57.620±0.960 ng/dl). Positive significant correlation was found between VCAM and CRP(r=0.415, P= 0.01). Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) show no significant differences with ICAM,VCAM, CRP, and IL1- β. Conclusions: This study reveals that even first-time diagnosis of T2DM, patients with higher insulin resistance and abnormal lipids, have elevated endothelial dysfunction markers and CRP, which may up-regulate cardiovascular disease progression. Keywords: C - reactive protein, Insulin resistance, Intercellular adhesion molecule-1, Interleukin 1- β, Lipid profile, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Vascular adhesion molecule-1.
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