Interactive impacts of rosemary oil and amylase-lipase enzymes on Liza ramada performance, ammonia excretion, digestion, serum biochemistry and intestinal histomorphology

Abstract

An 84-day growing trial was conducted to evaluate Liza ramada's performance and health. Five treatments (3 replicates) were tested using anexperimental diet (ED) supplemented with rosemary oil (RO) or RO and amylase-lipase (AL) enzymes as follows; (T1) fish-fed ED with no additives “control”; (T2) fish fed ED containing 0.5 kg ton−1 RO; (T3) fish fed ED containing 0.5 kg RO and 0.917 kg AL ton−1; (T4) fish fed ED containing 1 kg ton−1 RO; and (T5) fish fed ED containing 1 kg RO and 0.917 kg AL ton−1. A total of 150 Liza ramada fish (7.30 ± 0.01 g/fish) were housed in 15 hapas (10 fish/hapa) and fed the tested diets twice daily at 4–3% of body weight. Findings revealed that fish that received RO and RO + AL supplemented diets had lower NH3 levels and higher survival rates (24.32, 51.34, 37.83, and 54.05%) in groups T2, T3, T4, and T5, respectively when compared to the control. Furthermore, improvements in FW, WG, SGR, and FCR were recorded for fish-fed supplemented diets with better values at T5. Moreover, liver enzyme activity, kidney function indices, and intestinal histomorphometric measurements were improved in fish-fed RO + AL treated diets. The recommended treatment is T5 (1 kg RO and 0.917 kg AL ton−1).