Interactive Effects of Endurance Training and Royal Jelly Consumption on Motor Balance and Pain Threshold in Animal Model of the Alzheimer Disease

Abstract

Background: The Alzheimer disease (AD) induces the central and peripheral nervous system disruption by increasing oxidative stress; therefore, it induces disruption of the physical condition as well as occurrence of chronic pain. Objectives: The present study aimed at investigating the interactive effects of endurance training (ET) on positive and negative slope and royal jelly (RJ) consumption on motor balance and pain threshold in animal model of AD. Methods: The current experimental study was conducted on 49 male Wister rats with AD divided equally into seven groups including AD control (ADC), ET on positive slope (ETPS), ET on negative slope (ETNS), sham (RJ solvent) (SH), ETPS + RJ, ETNS + RJ, and RJ. In order to investigate the effect of AD induction on motor balance and pain threshold, seven rats were assigned into the healthy control (HC) group. The rats in the ET groups performed ET for four weeks and five 60-minute sessions weekly, and the RJ groups received 100 mg/kg RJ daily for four weeks. One-way ANOVA and two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc tests were employed to analyze the data (P ≤ 0.05). Results: ETPS, ETNS, and RJ consumption significantly increased motor balance in rats with AD (P ≤ 0.05). Also, ET and RJ consumption had interactive effects on increasing the motor balance in rats with AD (P ≤ 0.05). ETPS significantly reduced pain threshold in rats with AD (P ≤ 0.05); nevertheless, ET and RJ consumption had no interactive effects on reduction of the pain threshold in rats with AD (P ≥ 0.05). Conclusions: It seems that to improve the motor balance in AD, ETPS and ETNS can be employed with RJ consumption.