Interactive Effects of Biosynthesized Nanocomposites and Their Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Potentials.

Dina El-Kahky,Nemat M Awad,Saadia M Easa,Magdy Attia,Eman A Helmy

doi:10.3390/nano11040903

Dina El-Kahky, Nemat M Awad + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11040903

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Abstract

The present study investigated the biosynthesis of silver (AgNPs), zinc oxide (ZnONPs) and titanium dioxide (TiO2NPs) nanoparticles using Aspergillusoryzae, Aspergillusterreus and Fusariumoxysporum. Nanocomposites (NCs) were successfully synthesized by mixing nanoparticles using a Sonic Vibra-Cell VC/VCX processor. A number of analytical techniques were used to characterize the synthesized biological metal nanoparticles. Several experiments tested biologically synthesized metal nanoparticles and nanocomposites against two types of human pathogenic bacteria, including Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Pseudomonasaeruginosa. Additionally, the antitumor activity in HCT-116 cells (colonic carcinoma) was also evaluated. Significant antimicrobial effects of various synthesized forms of nanoparticles and nanocomposites against E. coli and P. aeruginosa bacteria were detected. Various synthesized biogenic forms of nanoparticles and nanocomposite (9.0 to 29 mm in diameter) had high antibacterial activity and high antitumor activity against HCT-116 cells (colonic carcinoma) with IC50 values of 0.7–100 µg/mL. Biosynthesized NPs are considered an alternative to large-scale biosynthesized metallic nanoparticles and nanocomposites, are simple and cost effective, and provide stable nanomaterials.

Highlights

Biological synthesis of metal nanoparticles (NPs) is a new environmentally friendly approach in the context of green nanotechnology
The biomass of fungal cells was prepared, and fungi were aerobically grown in modified liquid Czapeck Dox medium in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks containing 100 mL medium for the preparation of AgNPs and Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs); TiO2 NPs were prepared in malt extract broth
The ultraviolet absorption spectra were recorded after 72 h of the reaction of the cell filtrate with silver nitrate, zinc oxide and titanium dioxide metal ions (Figure 1)

Summary

Introduction

Biological synthesis of metal nanoparticles (NPs) is a new environmentally friendly approach in the context of green nanotechnology. The process of biological synthesis provides a wide range of environmentally acceptable methodologies and is cost effective, eco-friendly and very rapid [1]. These methods overcome the harmful effects on the environment caused by chemical synthesis. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been widely used in the medical and cosmetic industries because of their unique antimicrobial properties [3]. AgNPs were reported to destroy and damage the bacterial cell membrane; silver metal itself is considered a very good antibacterial agent [6,7]. Ag can destroy the structure of bacterial DNA; respiratory enzymes in bacteria become inactivated due to the interaction of AgNPs with thiol groups; [8,9]

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