Abstract
The regulation of metabolic processes and maintenance of a stable internal environment of the body is the role of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). It influences all systems and organs, thus along with the neuro-humoral system providing control over the metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Amino acids, as structural units of any protein molecule, are essential for the metabolism of proteins, enzymes and hormones. Certain amino acids are involved in neutralizing free radicals and are a donor of metal groups, can act as an energy source in case of a deficiency of carbohydrates and fats, and be structural units of connective tissue. Exchange of these compounds and their regulation by ANS have not been studied sufficiently, therefore, it is necessary to carry out research in this direction. The studies were aimed at finding the presence of the regulatory effect of ANS on the content of individual amino acids in the blood serum of 60-day-old Cobb-500 chickens. Determination of the ANS tone in Cobb-500 chickens at the age of 30–35 days was determined by the method of variation pulsometry. Electrocardiographic examination was performed in a quiet room without the use of sedatives. At the age of 60 days, blood was obtained from the saphenous vein of the chickens’ shoulder. Blood was sampled from 10 am to 1 pm, after a short fasting (2:00). It was found that sympathicotonic chickens had a higher content of individual amino acids compared to normotonics and vagotonics. In vagotonic chickens, the content of glycine and serine in the blood serum significantly exceeded the rate of chickens with a balanced tone of ANS. Correlative relationships between amino acid content were highly significant in poultry with balanced ANS tone. Vagotonic chickens had the highest correlations between ANS tone, heart rate and amino acid content (trend). Correlative relationships were present between ANS and body weight of chickens of different groups, serum protein. The correlation between total serum protein and body weight of chickens was different depending on the tone of the ANS. Fisher’s test revealed a significant effect of balanced ANS tone on the content of valine, serine and glycine and the weight of chickens. The effect of ANS tone on weight in vagotonic birds was high.
Highlights
Amino acids in the body of animals are a building material for the synthesis of enzymes and hormones, transport compounds (Castro et al, 2019), muscle frame and are involved in the detoxification of toxic compounds of protein metabolism (Holeček & Vodeničarová, 2018; Kobayashi, 2018) and others
Our data suggest that sympathicotonic chickens with an increase in heart rate have a simultaneous increase in the amplitude of mode indicator (Mo) or vice versa, which is characterized by better and more accurate regulation of the sympathetic nervous system of the heart (Shutov et al, 2021)
Our studies revealed a significant difference in amino acid content in different groups of chickens
Summary
Amino acids in the body of animals are a building material for the synthesis of enzymes and hormones, transport compounds (Castro et al, 2019), muscle frame and are involved in the detoxification of toxic compounds of protein metabolism (Holeček & Vodeničarová, 2018; Kobayashi, 2018) and others. Serum proteins play a major role in maintaining colloidal osmotic pressure, can be a rapid reserve of essential amino acids and act as a plastic material in gluconeogenesis, transfer biologically active substances (Piotrowska et al, 2011). They are in close interaction with tissue proteins of the animal body, and their content may vary depending on the state of adaptation systems and the tone of the ANS. Chickens are more sensitive to any changes in their environment These may be changes in diet, maintenance, transportation or preventive veterinary measures that cause significant reductions in weight gain, egg production, growth, milk productivity (in cattle) (Kavtarashvili & Kolokolnikova, 2010). The role of maintaining these adaptive functions and preventing the negative effects of stress factors on the body of animals and humans is largely dependent on the sympathetic nervous system
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