Interactions of Mycotoxin Alternariol with Cyclodextrins and its Removal from Aqueous Solution by Beta-Cyclodextrin Bead Polymer

Fliszár-Nyúl Fliszár-Nyúl,Poór Poór,Szente Szente,Lemli Lemli,Kunsági-Máté Kunsági-Máté

doi:10.3390/biom9090428

Fliszár-Nyúl Fliszár-Nyúl, Poór Poór + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9090428

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Journal: Biomolecules	Publication Date: Aug 30, 2019
Citations: 21	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: University of Pecs, CycloLab (Hungary)

Abstract

Alternariol is an Alternaria mycotoxin that appears in fruits, tomatoes, oilseeds, and corresponding products. Chronic exposure to it can induce carcinogenic and xenoestrogenic effects. Cyclodextrins (CDs) are ring-shaped molecules built up by glucose units, which form host–guest type complexes with some mycotoxins. Furthermore, insoluble CD polymers seem suitable for the extraction/removal of mycotoxins from aqueous solutions. In this study, the interactions of alternariol with β- and γ-CDs were tested by employing fluorescence spectroscopic and modeling studies. Moreover, the removal of alternariol from aqueous solutions by insoluble β-CD bead polymer (BBP) was examined. Our major observations/conclusions are the following: (1) CDs strongly increased the fluorescence of alternariol, the strongest enhancement was induced by the native γ-CD at pH 7.4. (2) Alternariol formed the most stable complexes with the native γ-CD (logK = 3.2) and the quaternary ammonium derivatives (logK = 3.4–3.6) at acidic/physiological pH and at pH 10.0, respectively. (3) BBP effectively removed alternariol from aqueous solution. (4) The alternariol-binding ability of β-CD polymers was significantly higher than was expected based on their β-CD content. (5) CD technology seems a promising tool to improve the fluorescence detection of alternariol and/or to develop new mycotoxin binders to decrease alternariol exposure.

Highlights

Contamination of food and feed with mycotoxins has been an emerging problem worldwide.Alternariol (AOH) is a dibenzo-α-pyrone mycotoxin (Figure 1) produced by the phytopathogenicAlternaria fungi
Our major observations/conclusions are the following: (1) CDs strongly increased the fluorescence of alternariol, the strongest enhancement was induced by the native γ-CD at pH 7.4
AOH during the results demonstrate that CDs strongly that increase fluorescence of the during the of formation of stable formation type of stable host-guest type complexes; by insoluble β-CD bead polymer (BBP) can effectively remove

Summary

Introduction

Contamination of food and feed with mycotoxins has been an emerging problem worldwide.Alternariol (AOH) is a dibenzo-α-pyrone mycotoxin (Figure 1) produced by the phytopathogenicAlternaria fungi. AOH occurs as a contaminant in the corresponding processed products (e.g., wine and tomato juice) [2,3,4]. The concentration of AOH in different foods and beverages is in the 0.7 to 41.6 μg/L (2.7 to 161.1 nM) range [5]. The extremely contaminated oilseeds can contain even 1000 μg/kg concentration of AOH [6]. The high thermal stability of Alternaria toxins makes their removal from foodstuffs difficult [6,7]. The AOH content of different foodstuffs and beverages is generally examined by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) linked to FLD (fluorescence detector), MS (mass spectrometer), or DAD (diode array detector), and stable isotope dilution assay (SIDA) methods [8,9,10,11].

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