Interactions of Gastrointestinal Peptides: Ghrelin and Its Anorexigenic Antagonists

Anna-Sophia Wisser,Bertram Wiedenmann,Peter Kobelt,Burghard F Klapp,Piet Habbel,Hubert Mönnikes

doi:10.1155/2010/817457

Anna-Sophia Wisser, Bertram Wiedenmann + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/817457

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Abstract

Food intake behaviour and energy homeostasis are strongly regulated by a complex system of humoral factors and nerval structures constituting the brain-gut-axis. To date the only known peripherally produced and centrally acting peptide that stimulates food intake is ghrelin, which is mainly synthesized in the stomach. Recent data indicate that the orexigenic effect of ghrelin might be influenced by other gastrointestinal peptides such as cholecystokinin (CCK), bombesin, desacyl ghrelin, peptide YY (PYY), as well as glucagon-like peptide (GLP). Therefore, we will review on the interactions of ghrelin with several gastrointestinal factors known to be involved in appetite regulation in order to elucidate the interdependency of peripheral orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides in the control of appetite.

Highlights

According to the current state of knowledge, control of food intake behaviour and energy homeostasis relies on the complex interactions between various humoral components indicating the actual metabolic state of the organism
We will review on the interactions of ghrelin with several gastrointestinal factors known to be involved in appetite regulation in order to elucidate the interdependency of peripheral orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides in the control of appetite
As a part of the brain-gut-axis gastrointestinal neuropeptides as cholecystokinin (CCK), glucagonlike peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), and many other humoral components are mainly involved in short-term regulation of energy homeostasis

Summary

Introduction

According to the current state of knowledge, control of food intake behaviour and energy homeostasis relies on the complex interactions between various humoral components indicating the actual metabolic state of the organism. Serving as the most important gateway connecting the endocrine with the central nervous system (CNS), the hypothalamus has been found to comprise and integrate the humorally mediated information, which reflect the metabolic state of the organism [4]. This interaction between the central nervous system and the intestinal tract by humoral factors and neuronal pathways has been named brain-gut-axis [4].

Ghrelin

Interaction between Ghrelin and Peripheral Anorexigenic Peptides

Summary