Interactions of environmental temperature with photoperiod in determining age at maturity in a semelparous polychaete Nereis ( neanthes) virens sars

Abstract

1. 1. Larger members of the Polychacta exhibit two contrasting life cycles: semelparous in the Nereidae, iteroparous in most others. 2. 2. In semelparous forms environmental interaction determines age at reproduction and fecundity in the single spawning event whereas in iteroparous forms such interaction influences the variable age specific reproductive effort. 3. 3. Development of aquaculture has created conditions where organisms are grown under conditions of optimum temperature for growth and unlimited food. 4. 4. We present data on the life history responses (reaction norms) of the semelparous Nereis virens in which age at death in natural populations varies between 3 to 8+ years. 5. 5. In Nereis virens minimum life span (= generation time) in culture is one year but the lifespan remains modular 12 months without manipulation of photoperiod. 6. 6. Environmental temperature plays two roles: i) in conjunction with energy availability to determine “age at first/only reproduction” and secondly as an element (with photoperiod) in the control of gametogenic processes imposing seasonality on the life cycle. 7. 7. The observations suggest that long generation time in natural populations of N. virens is associated with reduced growth rate and that low growth rate is associated with reproduction at a larger size.