Interactions between riluzole and conventional antiepileptic drugs – a comparison of results obtained in the subthreshold method and isobolographic analysis

Abstract

The exact types of pharmacodynamic interactions between riluzole and conventional antiepileptic drugs were evaluated in two available ways, the subthreshold and isobolographic analysis. Maximal electroshock test in mice was used as an animal model for generalized tonic-clonic convulsions. In the first method, riluzole (1.25-2.5 mg/kg) significantly raised the electroconvulsive threshold in mice. The drug administered at its subprotective dose of 0.3125 mg/kg enhanced the antiseizure activity of carbamazepine and phenobarbital, while, when applied at the higher dose of 0.625 mg/kg, it potentiated also the action of valproate and diphenylhydantoin. Riluzole (0.625) alone and in combinations with antiepileptic drugs did not produced any motor or log-term memory deficit. Results obtained from isobolographic analysis determined pure additive interaction between riluzole and all used conventional antiepileptic drugs. Since riluzole did not change plasma concentrations of co-administered antiepileptics, pharmacokinetic interactions, at least in terms of their free plasma levels, do not seem probable. The results of the present study confirm significant antiseizure properties of riluzole in the model of generalized tonic-clonic epileptic attacks. Moreover, comparison of effects obtained from both methods evaluating drug interactions strongly indicates a crucial role of the isobolographic analysis in verification and supplementation data achieved from the subthreshold method.