Abstract
BackgroundCaveolin-1 (CAV-1) is a cholesterol-dependent essential component located in caveolae. Several studies have been CAV-1 related to cardio-metabolic parameters in animal models, however, there are few studies in humans. Importantly, there is no study has investigated the interaction between CAV-1 rs3807992 gene and dietary patterns (DPs) on cardio-metabolic risk factors.MethodsThe current cross-sectional study was conducted on 404 overweight and obese women. Dietary intake was obtained from FFQ with 147 items. The CAV-1 genotype was measured by the PCR-RFLP method. The anthropometric measurements, serum lipid profile, and inflammatory markers were measured by standard protocols.ResultsThere was a significant interaction between CAV-1 rs3807992 and healthy DP on high-density cholesterol (HDL) (P-interaction = 0.03), TC/HDL (P-interaction = 0.03) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (P-interaction = 0.04); in A-allele carriers, higher following a healthy DP was related to a higher level of HDL and lower TC/HDL and hs-CRP. As well as, the significant interactions were observed between CAV-1 rs3807992 and unhealthy DP in relation to triglyceride (TG) (P-interaction = 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P-interaction = 0.01) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1) (P-interaction = 0.01); A-allele carriers were more following the unhealthy DP had lower levels of TG, AST and MCP-1.ConclusionsOur study revealed a significant gene-diet interaction between rs3807992 SNPs and DPs in relation to cardio-metabolic risk factors; A-allele carriers might be more sensitive to dietary composition compared to GG homozygotes. Following a healthy DP in A-allele-carriers may be improved their genetic association with cardio-metabolic risk factors.
Highlights
Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) is a cholesterol-dependent essential component located in caveolae
There was a significant association between CAV-1 polymorphism and serum Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-C, high-density cholesterol (HDL) in both unadjusted and adjusted models (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.006, P = 0.003 and P = 0.001, respectively), Total cholesterol (TC)/HDL in unadjusted model (P = 0.01) and TC in the adjusted model (P = 0.04)
Serum LDL-C, HDL-C, and TC concentration were significantly higher in GG homozygous compared to A-allele carriers
Summary
Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) is a cholesterol-dependent essential component located in caveolae. There is no study has investigated the interaction between CAV-1 rs3807992 gene and dietary patterns (DPs) on cardio-metabolic risk factors. Obesity-induced dyslipidemia, high blood pressure (BP) and inflammation have a key role in the pathogenesis of CVDs [2, 3]. Modifiable factors such as dietary intake and physical activity and non-modifiable including age, gender, and genes associated with the etiology of CVDs [4]. CAV-1 and caveolae are known to interact with a variety of physiologic and biologics pathways, including insulin sensitivity, lipid regulation especially cellular cholesterol and glucose homeostasis, maybe most importantly, cell signaling and receptors [15]. The association of CAV-1 rs3807992 polymorphism with CVDs has not been reported up to now, present study is the first report to investigate this association
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