Abstract
The Bobolink appears to use an integrated orientation system involving at least a star compass and a magnetic compass. The magnetic compass appears to provide the primary reference for the system and the star compass serves as a secondary compass. The star compass appears to be checked against the magnetic compass every 1 to 5 nights, and adjusted to compensate for changes in the relative locations of star patterns. These results are in agreement with those of other species where both the star compass and the magnetic compass have been investigated. Such an integrated orientation system is advantageous to a transequatorial migrant because the night sky changes greatly between the beginning of its journey and the end, even from night to night; and the horizontal magnetic field at the equator is unusable as a dip compass.
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