Abstract
Superplasticizers are one of the most widespread chemical additives in the concrete industry. They peptize cement floccules and increase the mobility of concrete mixes at a decreased water-to-cement ratio due to the release of immobilized water, a decrease in the internal friction coefficient, and an increase in electrostatic repulsion of particles due to a significant change of their electrokinetic potential. A new generation of superplasticizers based on polycarboxylate ester have been developed in recent decades, which possesses a different dispersion ability of cement particles than do old-generation superplasticizers. However, the molecules of polycarboxylate superplasticizer are more sensitive to clay minerals in concrete mixes. The effect of the strength characteristics of the ground, such as angle of internal friction and specific cohesion, has been studied. Specific interactions between kaolinite mineral and various superplasticizers have been studied using IR spectroscopy. Intrinsic bands in IR spectra of superplasticizers corresponding to their functional groups have been interpreted.
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