Interaction of Long Time Pulses of an Nd3+:YAG Laser Beam with the Heusler AlloyNi45Co5Mn35.5In14.5.

Patryk Ciupak,Artur Barłowski,Tadeusz Jasiński,Marian Kuzma,Piotr Sagan

doi:10.3390/ma14227016

Abstract

In this paper, the laser processing of the surface of bulk and layered samples (of thickness 75 nm) of Ni45Co5Mn35.5In14.5 alloy (NC5MI) was investigated using microsecond laser pulses. A Q-switched pulsed Nd3+:YAG laser, operating in the 1st harmonic (which had a wavelength of 1064 nm) with a pulse duration of 250 µs, was used. NC5MI is a metal resistant to thermal laser processing because its reflection coefficient is close to unity for long wavelengths. The aim of this paper was to learn the forms of laser processing (heating, microprocessing, ablation) for which the above-specified type of laser is useful. The samples were irradiated with various fluences in the interval of 5–32 J·cm−2. The effect of the laser interaction with the surface was explored by SEM microscopy. The threshold fluences for the bulk sample were determined as: the visible damage threshold (Fthd = 2 ± 0.2 J·cm−2), the melting threshold (Fthm = 10 ± 0.5 J·cm−2), and the deep melting threshold (Fthdm = 32 J·cm−2). Unexpectedly, these values wereincreased for the layer sample due to its silicon substrate. We have concluded that this type of laser radiation is advantageous for the annealing and melting of, or drilling holes in, the alloy, but disadvantageousto the ablation of the alloy.

Highlights

Accepted: 12 November 2021Heusler alloys of the X-Y-Z type (X = Ni; Y = Mn, Co, Fe; Z = Ga, Sb, Sn, In) have many unique properties
We have shown that long pulses of an Nd3+ :YAG laser can have a significant effect on the annealing and melting of the surface of an Ni45,5 Co5 Mn35.5 In14.5 alloy at moderate fluences of the laser beam (5–32 J·cm−2 )
The hole drilling in metals using long-pulse Nd:YAG lasers has been studiedexperimentally and modeled mathematically since the very first applications of these lasers in industry

Summary

Introduction

Heusler alloys of the X-Y-Z type (X = Ni; Y = Mn, Co, Fe; Z = Ga, Sb, Sn, In) have many unique properties (such as the shape memory effect, high magnetoresistance, the magnetocaloric effect, etc.). These propertiesare attributed to a martensitic phase transition (MPT). MPT depends on the composition, stoichiometry, temperature, magnetic field, and thermal history of the sample [1,2,3] They occur when the first order transition from the austenite to the martensite phase is at a temperature which coincides with the Curie temperature of the alloy [1]. Both temperatures depend strongly on composition [1,2].

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