Abstract
A computational method is developed for analyzing interactions between near-surface lateral cracks and residual stresses due to localized plastic zones. The latter are approximated as either prismatic or shear dislocation dipole pairs. Two-dimensional plane-strain conditions are assumed. A complete linear elastic solution is obtained using half-space dislocations for the dipole pairs and for the dislocation distribution function that accounts for the stress-free crack surface boundary condition. The crack-tip stress intensity factors show that mode-II driving forces are important for both prismatic and shear zones. The tendency for crack deflection to the free surface derived from energy release rates is complex. The dipole representation results do not provide a simple rationalization for lateral crack chipping.
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