Abstract
We study the interaction of laterally aligned coplanar penny-shape cracks under compression, focusing on the influence on the 3D wing crack growth and coalescence, and the relation between stress intensity factors and wing crack length. 3D wing crack propagation is simulated with PDS-FEM, for which a new treatment of shear crack in friction is developed and validated. The stress intensity factors are computed with the interaction integral method. We observe a significant interaction of sufficiently grown wing cracks emanating from initial penny cracks which are separated by a distance less than the size of the initial crack, leading to an up to 40% increase of stress intensity factors compared to the single crack case. Two characteristic wing crack lengths are identified, corresponding to the start of the interaction and the end of the transition to a single-wing-crack like behaviour. According to the results, a numerical estimate is proposed to evaluate the variation of the stress intensity factors as a function of the distance between initial cracks. The estimate is shown to be in good agreement with numerical results for two and three aligned cracks, and can be applied to study the macroscopic rupture behaviour of crack networks.
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