Interaction of a &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Myrothecium verrucaria&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Mycelial Preparation and a Glyphosate Product for Controlling Redvine (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Brunnichia ovata&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;) and Trumpet Creeper (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Campsis radicans&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;)

Mark A Weaver,Kenneth C Stetina,Clyde Douglas Boyette,Charles T Bryson,Robert E Hoagland

doi:10.4236/ajps.2020.112016

Abstract

A mycelial formulation of the bioherbicidal fungus Myrothecium verrucaria (Alb. & Schwein.) Ditmar: Fr. (MV) was tested alone and in combination with a commercially available glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] (GLY) product for controlling the invasive vines, redvine [Brunnichia ovata (Walt.) Shinners], and trumpet creeper [Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. ex Bureau] in field experiments conducted near Stoneville, MS. Several application timing regimens were evaluated (Fall, Spring, Fall + Spring, and Spring + Fall). We found that a Fall + Spring application of MV + GLY controlled redvine and trumpet creeper by 95%, 12 days after the second treatment, through a synergistic interaction of the fungus and glyphosate. Disease symptomatology was characterized by rapid necrosis of leaf and stem tissues, with mortality occurring within 72 h. Neither glyphosate alone, nor MV alone, effectively controlled either weed species under any application timing regimen. No visual disease or herbicide damage occurred on glyphosate-resistant soybean plants in the treated test plots. These results suggest that some formulations of glyphosate, mixed with the bioherbicide MV, can effectively control redvine and trumpet creeper, two of the most troublesome weeds in the row crops of the Mississippi Delta region in the mid-southern U.S.

Highlights

Redvine [Brunnichia ovata (Walt.) Shinners] and trumpet creeper [Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. ex Bureau] are native perennial, deciduous, woody, dicotolydenous, vines capable of growing several meters in length [1]
A mycelial formulation of the bioherbicidal fungus Myrothecium verrucaria (Alb. & Schwein.) Ditmar: Fr. (MV) was tested alone and in combination with a commercially available glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] (GLY) product for controlling the invasive vines, redvine [Brunnichia ovata (Walt.) Shinners], and trumpet creeper [Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. ex Bureau] in field experiments conducted near Stoneville, MS
We found that a Fall + Spring application of MV + GLY controlled redvine and trumpet creeper by 95%, 12 days after the second treatment, through a synergistic interaction of the fungus and glyphosate

Summary

Introduction

Redvine [Brunnichia ovata (Walt.) Shinners] and trumpet creeper [Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. ex Bureau] are native perennial, deciduous, woody, dicotolydenous, vines capable of growing several meters in length [1]. Ex Bureau] are native perennial, deciduous, woody, dicotolydenous, vines capable of growing several meters in length [1] These weeds are distributed extensively in the lower Mississippi Alluvial Plain area (Mississippi Delta) of the southern U.S, often found in dense populations in cultivated and fallowed fields, wastelands, fence rows, yards, riverbanks, swamps, and forests. Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum post-emergence herbicide with some herbicidal activity on redvine and trumpet creeper [3] [4] [5] Control of these weeds with glyphosate alone, even at rates two-to-four times the rates recommended in non-GMO soybeans, is temporary at best and when used alone cannot satisfactorily control these weeds [5]

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