Interaction mechanism between immiscible Fe-Mg element diffusion and crystal defect annihilation in the steel/Mg composite interface region

Abstract

Crystal defect-induced elemental diffusion between immiscible metals is the key to achieve metallurgical bonding. However, the interaction between immiscible element diffusion and crystal defect annihilation is unclear. In this paper, in-situ heat treatment experiments were conducted at the steel/Mg composite interface by ambient atmosphere spherical aberration corrected transmission electron microscope. The immiscible element diffusion phenomenon and crystal defect annihilation phenomenon in the composite interface region were studied, and the interaction mechanism was revealed. The results show that during the heat treatment, the diffusion of Mg element to the steel side is obvious, while the diffusion of Fe element to the Mg side is not obvious, which is called “one-way selective diffusion effect”. The annihilation rate of steel crystal defects is much smaller than that of Mg. The stable crystal defects of steel in the interface region can provide a channel for Mg elements diffusion, while the faster annihilation rate of Mg crystal defects causes Fe elements to hardly diffuse into Mg. The Mg elements that have diffused into the steel side have a pinning effect on dislocations and grain boundary movement, which in turn increases the thermal stability of the steel crystal defects. This study provides theoretical guidance for promoting the element diffusion at the immiscible metals composite interface.