Abstract
Two field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of three drip irrigation regimes (G1: 120% crop evapotranspiration (ETc), G2: 100% ETc, and G3: 80% ETc) and four nitrogen (N) source treatments (S0: non-fertilized; S1: urea, S2: ammonium nitrate, and S3: ammonium sulfate on water consumption use, water utilization efficiency, chlorophyll, yield and tubers quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.; cv Diamond) under a drip irrigation system during two successive winter seasons (2015/16 and 2016/17)). Nitrogen fertilization was applied at 380 kg ha−1 as standard application for potato in the investigated area. The highest tubers yield was obtained from potato grown with G1 S2 (65.8 Mg ha−1), G1 S3 (63.6 Mg ha−1), G2 S2 (64.1 Mg ha−1), and G2 S3 (62.4 Mg ha−1), while the lowest tubers yield was obtained from potato grown with G3 S0 (10.1 Mg ha−1) and G2S0 (17.4 Mg ha−1). Different treatments of N source resulted in a significant increase for water use efficiency (WUtE) compared with unfertilized treatment. For the interaction effect, the highest WUtE was obtained from potato grown with G3 S2 (18.1 kg m−3), followed by G3 S3 (17.6 kg m−3), while the lowest WUtE was obtained from plants grown with G3S0 (3.0 kg m−3). However, the highest chlorophyll content was obtained from plants grown with G1 and any N source, followed by G2S1-3, while the lowest chlorophyll content was obtained from those grown with G3S0. The highest N, S, protein, and P contents in tubers were obtained from plants grown with G3S3, G3S2, and G2S2, while the highest K content in tubers was obtained from plants grown with G1S1 and G1S2. In concussion, the integrative effects of G1 or G2 with S2 or S3 is recommended for high productivity, while the integrative effects of G3S3 and G3S2 are recommended for high quality tubers.
Highlights
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a principal food crop, and an essential source of nutrients for human populations [1]
Water consumptive use (WCU) was the lowest (2732 m3 ha−1 ) in potato plants grown with G3 S0 treatment (80% ETc irrigation and non-N fertilizer), while it was the highest in potatoes grown with G1 S1 (4156 m3 ha−1 ), G1 S2 (4120 m3 ha−1 ), and/or G1 S3 (4085 m3 ha−1 ) treatments (Figure 1)
The results showed that there was no significant difference between the effect of ammonium nitrate and sulfate on the tuber yield of potato under drip irrigation regime of G1 and G2, while the difference was significant under the drip irrigation regime of G3 (Table 5)
Summary
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a principal food crop, and an essential source of nutrients for human populations [1]. The annual world production of potato tubers, obtained from the cultivated. Potato is ranked as the fourth crop after wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), and maize (Zea mays L.), among other crops according to the total production [1], and is the number one among non-grain food commodity [2]. It contains different essential dietary constituents such as essential nutrients, protein, minerals, carbohydrates, and vitamins [3]. Potatoes are an important food crop, as is the case with most other crops [1], but are increasingly serving as feedstock for different industrial products [4]
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