Abstract
The side effect of fatty acid oxidation during lippoprotein synthesis is the release of oxygen in the tissue called reactive oxygen species (ROS). Metabolic stress in Joper brooders due to an imbalance between ROS and antioxidants causes a decrease in hatching egg production and quality. Therefore, research is needed to improve the reproductive performance of Joper broodstock by combining vitamin E-selenium supplementation and metabolic energy. This study used 200 hatched eggs resulting from a cross between 60 weeks old Sentul males and 35 weeks old ISA BROWN laying hens that had been treated. This study used a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) (2 x 4). The first factor is the energy level (2700 and 2800 kcal/kg) and the second factor is the dose of vitamin E-selenium supplementation (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 ppm). Selenium dosage is 1ppm/mg vitamin E. The interaction between vitamin E-selenium supplementation and energy had a very significant effect (P<0.01) in increasing DOC weight. The single factor energy level and vitamin E-selenium supplementation significantly (p<0.05) in reducing embryo mortality and increasing hatchability, while fertility and eggshell quality were not affected by the two treatment factors. The conclusion of this study is the interaction between vitamin E-selenium supplementation and energy levels can increase the weight of Joper's DOC, while the single factor of vitamin E-selenium supplementation and energy levels can reduce embryo mortality and increase hatchability. The best interaction with 100 ppm vitamin E-selenium supplementation and energy 2800 kcal/kg.
Highlights
The imbalance between demand and supply of native chicken meat in Indonesia is a great opportunity for the development of the native chicken business
The conclusion of this study is the interaction between vitamin E-selenium supplementation and energy levels can increase the weight of Joper's day old chick (DOC), while the single factor of vitamin E-selenium supplementation and energy levels can reduce embryo mortality and increase hatchability
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the triggers for metabolic stress which has a major impact on immunity and regulation of body metabolism
Summary
The imbalance between demand and supply of native chicken meat in Indonesia is a great opportunity for the development of the native chicken business. The main priority in the development of the Joper hatchery industry is improving the quality of hatching eggs. Vitamin E-selenium supplementation and increased metabolic energy are solutions to control metabolic stressors in Joper breeders. Metabolic energy (ME) is used for maintenance (basal metabolism, regulation of body temperature, immune response and activity, growth and egg production (Hadinia et al 2019). Body fat mass plays a role in regulating sexual maturity, egg production, egg yolk composition, maximizing the absorption of vitamin E and reproductive hormone precursors (Heijmans et al 2021; Ren et al 2021). Research is needed to determine the interaction between ME and the right dose of vitamin E-selenium supplementation in improving hatching egg quality because there is very little information available
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