Interaction effect of coping self-efficacy and received support in daily life of hematopoietic cell transplant patient-caregiver dyads

Aleksandra Kroemeke,Małgorzata Sobczyk-Kruszelnicka,Paola Gremigni

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0260128

Abstract

ObjectivesAccording to the social cognitive theory, social support and self-efficacy may interact with each other i.e. compete or account jointly for better adaptation. This study examined the nature of the interaction between coping self-efficacy and received social support in daily lives of patient-caregiver dyads after cancer treatment. We tested whether the effect of daily fluctuations in coping self-efficacy and received support on daily affect was synergistic (positive jointed effect), compensatory (positive competing effect), or interference (negative competing effect).DesignA dyadic daily-diary study conducted for 28 days after hospital discharge following hematopoietic cell transplantation.MethodsCoping self-efficacy, received support, and positive and negative affect were measured in 200 patient-caregiver dyads. The analysis was based on the actor-partner interdependence moderation model using multilevel structural equation modeling.ResultsStatistically significant effect of interaction between daily coping self-efficacy and received support on negative affect was found, although only in the caregivers. In that group, higher daily received support compensated for lower daily coping self-efficacy but had a negative effect when coping self-efficacy was significantly higher than typical. Also, direct beneficial effects of higher daily coping self-efficacy and received support on caregiver positive affect were found. In the patients, higher daily coping self-efficacy was directly associated with better daily affect.ConclusionsDiverse effects of daily coping self-efficacy and received social support were found—the interference effect in the caregivers and the main effect of coping self-efficacy in the patients. Higher daily coping self-efficacy and optimal received social support may provide resilience against affect disturbance after cancer treatment.

Highlights

Adaptation to a chronic disease is a complex process involving numerous factors which fluctuate over time [1]
Higher daily coping self-efficacy was directly associated with better daily affect
Coping self-efficacy predicted better well-being in women with breast cancer [14] and in hematopoietic cell transplantation survivors at 1 year follow-up [15], as well as well-being in patients after cancer surgery at 5-month follow-up [16]

Summary

Introduction

Adaptation to a chronic disease is a complex process involving numerous factors which fluctuate over time [1]. The role of self-efficacy beliefs in adaptation to cancer. As far as individual resources are concerned, self-efficacy beliefs have often attracted the attention of the researchers. Both, perceived (i.e. the perceived capability to manage one’s functioning) and coping self-efficacy (i.e. the perceived capability to manage external and internal demands) are central components of self-evaluation, which—according to the social cognitive theory—is a crucial mechanism for self-regulation and effective adaptation in stressful circumstances [3, 4]. Previous studies have demonstrated positive associations between self-efficacy beliefs and the recovery process of cancer populations [5,6,7,8,9,10,11] or caregiver adaptation to cancer [12, 13]. Coping self-efficacy predicted better well-being in women with breast cancer [14] and in hematopoietic cell transplantation survivors at 1 year follow-up [15], as well as well-being in patients after cancer surgery at 5-month follow-up [16]

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