Abstract
Increasing air temperatures are expected to continue in the future. The relation between soil moisture and near surface air temperature is significant for climate change and climate extremes. Evaluation of the relations between soil moisture and temperature was performed by developing a quantile regression model, a wavelet coherency model, and a Mann-Kendall correlation model from 1950 to 2010 in the Mississippi River Basin. The results indicate that first, anomaly air temperature is negatively correlated to anomaly soil moisture in the upper and lower basin, and however, the correlation between them are mixed in the middle basin. The correlation is stronger at the higher quantile (90th) of the two variables. Second, anomaly soil moisture and air temperature show strong coherency in annual frequency, indicating that the two variables are interannually correlated. Third, annual air temperature is significant negatively related to soil moisture, indicating that dry (wet) soil leads to warm (cool) weather in the basin. These results have potential application to future climate change research and water resource management. Also, the strong relationship between soil moisture and air temperature at annual scale could result in improved temperature predictability.
Highlights
Increase in temperature has been observed as a consequence of climate change over the last century
The results indicate that first, anomaly air temperature is negatively correlated to anomaly soil moisture in the upper and lower basin, and the correlation between them are mixed in the middle basin
The most interesting result is that the slope of 90th is slightly steeper than 95th, which indicates that increases in Soil moisture (SM) lead to greater declines in air T along the 90th quantile than on the 95th quantile
Summary
Increase in temperature has been observed as a consequence of climate change over the last century. A better understanding of the relationship between them might provide sharper insight into these mechanisms [3] [4] [5] [6]. With this concept in mind, in this study, we investigated the relation between SM and T and the results are essential for understanding the global temperature rises and global warming more generally
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