Abstract
Effects of high energy radiation depend upon the dominance of particle radiation, primarily manifested in structural changes, or ionizing electronic changes; in practice radiations and damages are mixed. Neutron fluxes of 102 0nvt significantly alter crystalline and vitreous silica. High intensity y and x irradiation induces impurity and intrinsic color and spin centers in silica and complex oxide glasses, which can he differentiated and described in considerable detail. Induced changes can he used to prevent discoloration or, conversely, to read dosage. Such changes include absorption, luminescence and thermoluminescence. Space charges can lead to fracture when surfaces are violated. The understanding and use of other changes are in their infancy. Relatively low energy (light) in high intensity can cause mechanical damage. Thresholds are crucial in modem laser technology.
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