Abstract
We use a conventional vertical shock tube to generate and study wave propagation in a borehole intersected by a single horizontal permeable fracture. A mandrel sample is used to create a variable-aperture fracture in a cylindrical sample. A theoretical description for fracture zones is derived based on the introduction of an effective borehole fluid bulk modulus, connecting the wave attenuation to the borehole wall impedance. This impedance can be calculated for fracture zones adjacent to the borehole, thus predicting borehole wave propagation, transmission and reflection over such zones. The transmittivity of a borehole tube wave over a 5-mm fracture is correctly predicted, thus showing the potential of borehole wave experiments for fracture detection and characterization.
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