Abstract

The high temperature electron spin resonance technique has been used to obtain in situ information on the behaviour of liquefaction catalysts during coal pyrolysis. The spin concentration in coal was induced in the presence of a catalyst at the pyrolysis temperature. ZnCl 2 drastically increased the spin concentration of coal. The order of activity of the catalysts with respect to the increase in spin concentration was: ZnCl 2 (impregnated) ⩾ZnCl 2 (dispersed) >ZnCl 2/KCl>SnCl 2 > SbCl 3≈AlCl 3 ≈CaCl 2 > coal alone.

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