Abstract
BackgroundEczema is usually the first allergic manifestation to appear in life attributed to gene–environment interactions. IL13, IL4, MS4A2 and ILR4A are four key inflammatory genes associated with atopy. This study aimed to explore gene-environment interactions on eczema in early life among the above four genes and environmental factors in Chinese Han children.MethodsFive hundred ninety-seven children from a birth cohort who completed two-year follow-up were enrolled and their cord blood was collected. Subjects were genotyped for six polymorphisms in the aforementioned four genes. The children were followed at 6, 12 and 24 months, with epidemiologic information and medical history of eczema collected by questionnaire and eczema assessed by dermatologists.ResultsAmong the 597 children, 168 were diagnosed with eczema and the others were not after 2 years of follow-up. MS4A2 rs569108 GG genotype (P = 1.68E-02, odds ratio (OR) = 4.66) and antibiotic use (P = 3.75E-4, OR = 2.02) were found independently associated with development of childhood eczema. Children with both antibiotic use and MS4A2 rs569108 GG genotype were more likely to develop eczema than those with only antibiotic use or GG homozygote (OR = 6.24 VS. 2.04 or 4.68).ConclusionsMS4A2 rs569108 polymorphism and antibiotic use were solely associated with eczema, and they interacted with each other to increase the risk of developing the disease in Chinese Han toddlers. Long-term follow-up along with functional and replication studies are still needed.
Highlights
Eczema, known as atopic dermatitis, is a common inflammatory skin disease beginning in early life with increasing incidence in many countries around the world [1, 2]
We focused on four key inflammatory genes affecting IgE levels, including IL13, IL4, MS4A2 and ILR4A, which have been associated with atopy [7,8,9,10,11,12], and replicated in more than ten different studies [13]
Candidate genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms This study focused on four candidate genes, including IL13, IL4, MS4A2 and IL4RA, which are key inflammatory genes associated with IgE levels [7,8,9,10,11,12]
Summary
Known as atopic dermatitis, is a common inflammatory skin disease beginning in early life with increasing incidence in many countries around the world [1, 2]. The high prevalence of eczema is believed to be a result of gene-environment interactions [3, 4], which has Allergic diseases have long been attributed to IgEmediated inflammatory reactions [5] and eczema is usually the first allergic manifestation to appear in life [6]. We focused on four key inflammatory genes affecting IgE levels, including IL13, IL4, MS4A2 and ILR4A, which have been associated with atopy [7,8,9,10,11,12], and replicated in more than ten different studies [13]. We attempted to explore gene-environment interactions on eczema in early life among the. IL13, IL4, MS4A2 and ILR4A are four key inflammatory genes associated with atopy. This study aimed to explore gene-environment interactions on eczema in early life among the above four genes and environmental factors in Chinese Han children
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