INTERACTION BETWEEN ACE 2 AND SARS-COV2, AND USE OF EGCG AND THEAFLAVIN TO TREAT COVID 19 IN INITIAL PHASES

Abstract

Covid Virus particles engage with host cells via the ACE-2 and GRP78 receptors, transferring the genome particle to the host cell and transforming it into a replicating machine. RdRP is a key protein in the replication mechanism of all RNA viruses. 3CLpro is a cleavage enzyme that breaks down polyproteins into non-structural polyproteins. All four elements of the Covid viral particle are required for its propagation and action, and blocking any one of them can shut down the entire system. EGCG and Theaflavins are flavonoids that block virus particles from attaching to the host cell's ACE-2 and GRP78 receptors, preventing the genome from being transferred into the cell. EGCG binds to 3CLpro with a molecular docking value of 11.7, while TF3 has a docking score of 10.574, indicating that it prevents host cell contact. TF binds to RdRP with a binding energy of 9.11 kcal/mol, implying that RdRP activities are interfered with. Furthermore, these flavonoids have anti-inflammatory properties and reduce the action of cytokines, which can cause serious respiratory difficulties. Except these two there are many others flavonoids which possess anti-inflammatory and anti-viral properties. All of these data suggest that flavonoids could be a useful treatment for SARS-CoV19; however, the issue of stability and bioavailability arises because it is unstable at lungs pH.