Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising method for neoplastic and nonneoplastic diseases. In this study, we utilized sinoporphyrin sodium (DVDMS) as a sensitizer combined with light to investigate its cytotoxic effect on different cell lines. For this purpose, we chose bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model to explore the mechanism of PDT-induced cell death at a molecular level. Our findings indicated that the combined treatment significantly suppressed cell survival. Fluorescence spectroscopy revealed a strong interaction between DVDMS and BSA molecules in aqueous solution, affecting DVDMS’ targeting distribution and metabolism. Spectroscopic analysis and carbonyl content detection indicated that DVDMS-PDT significantly enhanced the damage of BSA at a higher extent than Photofrin II-PDT under similar experimental conditions. Our observations were consistent with the cytotoxicity results. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) were induced by the synergy effect of the sensitizer and light, which played an important role in damaging BSA and tumor cells. These results suggested that the interaction and oxidative damage of protein molecules by DVDMS were the main reasons to cell death and constitute a valuable reference for future DVDMS-PDT investigations.
Highlights
Is not water soluble, so that it is administered in a Cremophor-based vehicle
Further investigation is required to understand if the cytotoxicity induced by Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is related to the oxidative damage by DVDMS of proteins
This study evaluated the cytotoxicity induced by DVDMS-PDT on different cell lines
Summary
Is not water soluble, so that it is administered in a Cremophor-based vehicle. Sinoporphyrin sodium ( called DVDMS) is the active ingredient of Photofrin II and gained independent intellectual property in China[12,18,19]. Results of a meta-analysis indicated an increase of the mean survival time of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice after a DVDMS-PDT15. These data suggest that DVDMS represents a potential clinical photosensitizer, which deserves further explorations. Proteins are of paramount importance as they represent the ultimate controller and direct practitioners of life activities. They are involving in growth, development, metabolism, stress, energy conversion, and signal transduction of cells, among others[25].
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