Abstract
The interaction between terbium-doped arginine functionalized hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (Arg@HAPTb NPs) and cells, and the hindered endocytosis mechanisms of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were studied by observing the cell uptake of Arg@HAPTb NPs with laser scanning confocal microscopy. Average fluorescence intensity of cells after uptaking different concentrations of NPs was determined by flow cytometer. The results indicate that internalized Arg@HAPTb NPs mainly exist in the cytoplasm of HUVECs, and most of them distribute around the cell nuclei. The entrapment of Arg@HAPTb NPs shows time-dependent and concentration- dependent manners with optimal time of 4 h and concentration of 50 mg/L. Arginine modification significantly improves the uptake efficiency of HAPTb NPs. The entry of Arg@HAPTb NPs into HUVECs is mainly through concave protein-mediated endocytosis, an energy-dependent active transport process.
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