Inter-Relationship between Platelet-Derived Microparticles and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Venous Thromboembolism.

Salvatore Santo Signorelli,Luca Zanoli,Margherita Ferrante,Antonio Cristaldi,Gea Oliveri Conti,Maria Grazia Elfio,Domenico Di Raimondo,Maria Fiore,Pietro Zuccarello,Ilenia Nicolosi,Agostino Gaudio

doi:10.3390/antiox9121217

Abstract

Background: Hypercoagulative conditions play a key role in venous thromboembolism (VTE). Inflammation is currently linked to VTE, but the potential role of circulating microparticles and oxidative stress (OxS) must be elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate platelet-derived microparticles and surrogate OxS biomarkers in patients diagnosed with VTE through a case–control study. Methods: Platelet-derived microparticles (MPs), pro-thrombinase-induced clotting time assay (PiCT), phospholipids (PLPs), malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenale (4-HNE), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and galectin-3 (Gal-3) were measured in VTE patients and in healthy controls. Results: PLPs, 4-HNE, TBARs, and Gal-3 were higher in VTE patients compared to controls; conversely, SOD was lower. A significant non-linear regression between OxS biomarkers and the markers of platelet degranulation was found. Conclusion: Our results suggest that OxS and platelet degranulation are concomitant pathophysiological mechanisms in VTE.

Highlights

Hypercoagulative conditions play a fundamental role in venous thromboembolism (VTE)
We evaluated MPs, pro-thrombinase-induced clotting time assay (PiCT), phospholipids (PLPs), malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxinonenale (4-HNE), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) as the sum of MDA and 4-HNE, and the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) as a marker of antioxidant capacity
The Gal-3 value was higher in patients with VTE than in controls, while SOD was reduced in VTE patients compared to controls. (Table 2) No differences in the laboratory values were found between patients according to the type of thrombotic disease, with the exception of SOD, which was significantly higher in patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) than in those with pulmonary embolism (PE). (Table 2) In Figure 1, the relationships of the determination between PLPs and each of the surrogate oxidative stress (OxS) biomarkers (SOD, MDA, 4-HNE, and TBARs) are graphically represented by a power-type regression

Summary

Introduction

Hypercoagulative conditions play a fundamental role in venous thromboembolism (VTE). The results from randomized clinical studies have elucidated the role of platelets in VTE, showing a reduced risk with aspirin prophylaxis [7,8,9]. Hypercoagulative conditions play a key role in venous thromboembolism (VTE). Inflammation is currently linked to VTE, but the potential role of circulating microparticles and oxidative stress (OxS) must be elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate platelet-derived microparticles and surrogate OxS biomarkers in patients diagnosed with VTE through a case–control study. Methods: Platelet-derived microparticles (MPs), pro-thrombinase-induced clotting time assay (PiCT), phospholipids (PLPs), malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenale (4-HNE), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and galectin-3 (Gal-3) were measured in VTE patients and in healthy controls. Results: PLPs, 4-HNE, TBARs, and Gal-3 were higher in VTE patients compared to controls; SOD was lower. Conclusion: Our results suggest that OxS and platelet degranulation are concomitant pathophysiological mechanisms in VTE

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Discussion

Conclusion