Inter-rater reliability of scapular dyskinesis classification in overhead athletes by entry-level physical therapy students

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background Scapular dyskinesis (SD) is a dysfunction associated with shoulder pathologies in overhead athletes and its classification is highly complex, especially in entry-level physical therapy students. Objective This research aimed to determine the effect of a video training method on inter-rater reliability of physical therapy entry-level students with no clinical experience while performing SD ratings under 4-type, severity, and ‘yes or no’ criteria in overhead athletes. Methods A total of 49 overhead athletes were evaluated by video recordings in posterior view of lifting tasks. Two entry-level students without clinical experience performed SD classifications according to previously mentioned criteria on both scapula in two separate sessions, with 1 week of difference. Data analysis was conducted based on the kappa coefficient (k) and its confidence intervals (CI). Results The ‘yes or no’ criteria present better results than the 4-type and severity criteria. In addition, a better inter-rater agreement is evidenced in the second measurement compared to the first one. Furthermore, the k coefficients reach values like those achieved by experienced evaluators. Conclusion Video training settings for scapular dyskinesis rating in entry-level physical therapist students with no clinical experience allows better inter-rater reliability values.