Abstract
The continuous expansion of urban areas in China has increased cohesion and synergy among cities. As a result, the land price in an urban area is not only affected by the city’s own factors, but also by its interaction with nearby cities. Understanding the characteristics, types, and patterns of urban interaction is of critical importance in regulating the land market and promoting coordinated regional development. In this study, we integrated a gravity model with an improved Voronoi diagram model to investigate the gravitational characteristics, types of action, gravitational patterns, and problems of land market development in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration region based on social, economic, transportation, and comprehensive land-price data from 2017. The results showed that the gravitational value of land prices for Beijing, Tianjin, Langfang, and Tangshan cities (11.24–63.35) is significantly higher than that for other cities (0–6.09). The gravitational structures are closely connected for cities around Beijing and Tianjin, but loosely connected for peripheral cities. Further, various types of radiation, conduction, and convection actions exist in relation to urban land prices. In terms of gravitational patterns, the range of influence of land prices is not limited to the administrative boundaries of each city. Five clusters of urban land prices can be identified based on the gravitational structure. The land-price gravity value of the city cluster around Beijing accounted for 66.4% of the total. The polarizing effect of land-price levels and influence is clearly evident in Beijing and Tianjin, while a lock-in effect is evident in Xingtai and Handan in the south of the region.
Highlights
The rapid expansion of urban areas in China has attracted worldwide attention in recent years [1,2,3,4]
In this study, based on the success of previous scholars in studying urban gravity and its range of influence, we investigate the gravitational characteristics of inter-city land prices, divide the urban land-price function into various types, and analyze the roles of different urban land values in the development of the regional land market in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration
The land-price qualities of Baoding, Cangzhou, and Handan are in the medium range, while the values for the other cities are relatively low, ranging from 3.89–11.19. These results indicate that the land-price levels in Beijing and Tianjin are significantly higher than those of other cities, and that urban land prices in Hebei Province are significantly lower
Summary
The rapid expansion of urban areas in China has attracted worldwide attention in recent years [1,2,3,4]. In 2017, Tianjin had set up 12 undertaking platforms for industries transferred from Beijing, occupying an area of 355.78 km, but only 47% of this area complied with local land planning regulations. The government failed to analyze the characteristics of and interrelationships among the various urban land markets, resulting in inconsistent industrial transfer and land-use plans. Numerous scholars have analyzed the differences in regional economic development, production structures, regional population structures, urban land-use changes, urban ecological and environmental changes, and landscape patterns [8,9,10,11]. There have been few studies on the urban land market in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, especially in relation to the differences in land prices. Identifying the interactions between urban land prices and the gravitational patterns of land prices, and exploring the path of regional land market integration are useful for answering the above questions and achieving the coordinated development of industrial land use
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