Abstract
Intensive rainfall is an important meteorological variable that is of technical interest in hydraulic projects. This study therefore generated Intensity-Duration-Frequency equations (IDF) for 14 weather stations in Mato Grosso State, based on pluviograph analysis. Annual maximum rainfall data regarding 10-to-1440-minute long rainfall events were collected from digitized daily pluviographs. Data adherence to the generalized extreme value distribution (GEV) was checked through the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test at a 20% significance level. Next, the maximum probable rainfall for return periods such as 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50 and 100 years was calculated and the IDF equations were adjusted. The performance of the IDF equations was evaluated based on mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), bias, Willmott's concordance index and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency index (ENS). Adjusting the IDF equations was only possible for rainfall durations ranging from 10 to 360 min at each station due to the low frequency of longer rainfalls. High variation was present in parameters of the IDF equation and in maximum rainfall intensity between stations. The satisfactory performance of the models, as attested to by statistical indices, allows using IDF equations adjusted for rainfall durations from 10 to 360 min, and return periods from 2 to 100 years, in the regions of the Mato Grosso weather stations.
Highlights
Intensive rainfall is one of the most important meteorological variables in climate studies, as it generates a considerable volume of water in short intervals (Pereira et al, 2017)
The most accepted way to characterize maximum rainfall relies on the intensity-durationfrequency equation (IDF) (Campos et al, 2014)
Because of its importance and ease of application, IDF curves are widely used in water management and other engineering design applications (Cheng and Amir, 2014)
Summary
Intensive rainfall is one of the most important meteorological variables in climate studies, as it generates a considerable volume of water in short intervals (Pereira et al, 2017). Knowledge regarding the variables characterizing maximum rainfall, as well as the correlations between rainfall intensity, duration and frequency, are of technical interest to hydraulic projects such as spillways, channel terraces, agricultural, urban and road drainage systems, among others (Cheng and Amir, 2014). The IDF curves are based on historical rainfall time-series data and are designed to capture the intensity and frequency of precipitation for different durations by fitting a theoretical probability distribution to annual extreme rainfall (Oriani et al, 2017; Ouarda et al, 2019). Because of its importance and ease of application, IDF curves are widely used in water management and other engineering design applications (Cheng and Amir, 2014)
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