INTENSITY OF CESIUM-137 ACCUMULATION IN FLOWER POLLEN OF CORN AT DIFFERENT pH OF SOIL ENVIRONMENT

Abstract

137Сs is concentrated in soils and is in a continuous cycle, the intensity of movement of which depends on a number of factors, in particular on the type of soil, its composition and properties, botanical origin of plants and others. . It was found that under the same ecological conditions the accumulation coefficient of 137Cs in the distribution of honey plants can differ up to 3 times. The migration of radionuclides into vegetation is lower on soils with high levels of nutrients, compared to low-nutrient soils. This feature is inherent in both agricultural and forest soils. High migr ation of radionuclides was observed on sod-podzolic sandy soils, while on chernozems it was relatively lower. Soils of honey lands in the studied areas are mainly sod-podzolic. They are characterized by a low content of humus and trace elements, sometimes with high acidity, which can increase the translocation of radionuclides in plants and their products, in particular pollen. After the half-life of 137Cs, which was released into the environment after the Chernobyl accident, there is a certain pattern of intensity of contamination of protein products of beekeeping depending on its type, harvesting period and intensity of contamination of honey lands. Along with this, it should be noted that the exceedance of permissible levels is observed only for cesium-137 in the territory of honey lands in the soil of which this element exceeded 4 Ki / km2. On the basis of the fact that pollen is the main raw material for the production of protein products of beekeeping, further research was aimed at studying measures to improve the quality of this raw material in order to reduce cesium-137 in bee pollen and persimmon. The intensity of 137Cs contamination of corn pollen was studied. It was found that lowering the soil pH from 4.6 to 7.7 contributes to a decrease in the pollen of maize pollen activity 137Cs from 9.7 Bq / kg to 5.8 Bq / kg, hazard factor from 0.049 to 0.029 and accumulation factor from 0 , 28 to 0.14.