INTENSITY OF ACCUMULATION IN LEAF MASS AND SEED MILK THISTLE COPPER IN CONDITIONS OF FIELD CULTIVATIONS

Abstract

Medicinal plants are sources of nutrients, may contain one, two or more active ingredients that can provide certain medicinal properties in a living organism. Such plants include milk thistle, which is gaining popularity. Today, the quality of medicinal raw materials is relevant, because milk thistle has a high intensity of accumulation of various toxicants. Recently, this plant has been grown in field crop rotations, the soils of which are contaminated with various toxicants, including heavy metals. Therefore, there is a need to study the intensity of heavy metal contamination of milk thistle, grown in agricultural crop rotations. Milk thistle has biologically active substances, macro- and microelements in the most accessible and digestible form and is one of the factors of the positive effect of its use in medicine, pharmacology, food industry, animal husbandry and crop production. Toxic substances have a negative impact on the quality of medicinal raw materials, can accumulate in plants due to man-made pressure on the environment. These toxicants, entering the human and animal body, can interact with proteins, nucleic acids, change the activity of enzymes, disrupt their biological and transport properties, which can ultimately lead to negative consequences. The influence of mineral fertilization of milk thistle on the intensity of copper accumulation in its leaf mass and seeds has been studied. It was found that when feeding milk thistle with mineral fertilizers, there is an increase in leaf mass and copper seeds. In particular, for the use of ammonium nitrate - 1.25 and 1.4 times; superphosphate simple - 1.14 and 1.2 times; potassium chloride - 1.16 and 1.2 times; mixtures of NPK fertilizers - 1.53 and 1.1 times. Key words: heavy metals, intensity, copper, mineral fertilizers, milk thistle, concentration, danger coefficient, accumulation coefficient.