Abstract
The ability of rainfall to promote soil disaggregation and transport depends on its intensity and distribution over time, allowing proper soil and water management practices in order to minimize their effects in and outside food production fields. The objective of this study was to verify the intensity of the spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall erosivity in Goias and Federal District states using historical series of rainfall data available at the National Institute of Meteorology (Inmet) from 1986 to 2017. Rainfall erosivity (EI) for Goias and Federal District were estimated using the modified Fournier index. Annual average for factor R were obtained by the sum of the EI in the 12 months of the year. Data were placed to descriptive analysis and classification according to their erosive capacity. The annual mean of the factor R for the study region was 8,834±5.2 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 ano-1, being classified as a strong erosive potential. However, considering the territory, its intensity in Goiás and DF varied from very strong to moderate throughout the year, indicating the need to adopt a conservationist practice that protects the soil from the kinetic energy of rainfall. It is concluded, therefore, that the intensity and distribution of the rainfall erosivity fluctuate both between the municipalities of Goiás (from 4.514±2.5 to 11.215±1.8 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 year-1), and throughout the year (from 180±1.5 to 1.519±4.4 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 month-1).
Highlights
A erosão hídrica elimina de 25 a 40 bilhões de toneladas de solo por ano (FAO, 2015) e os problemas decorrentes deste processo são: redução de áreas cultiváveis, diminuição da fertilidade dos solos e deposição de solo e pluviométricos disponíveis no Instituto Nacional de sedimentos em bacias hidrográficas
The ability of rainfall to promote soil disaggregation and transport depends on its intensity and distribution over time, allowing proper soil and water management practices in order to minimize their effects in and outside food production fields
Annual average for factor R were obtained by the sum of the EI in the 12 months of the year
Summary
A erosão hídrica elimina de 25 a 40 bilhões de toneladas de solo por ano (FAO, 2015) e os problemas decorrentes deste processo são: redução de áreas cultiváveis, diminuição da fertilidade dos solos e deposição de solo e pluviométricos disponíveis no Instituto Nacional de sedimentos em bacias hidrográficas. MJ mm ha-1 h-1 mês-1 ao logo do ano, a EI foi Diante do exposto, o objetivo desta estimada utilizando-se o índice de Fournier pesquisa foi mensurar a intensidade e verificar a modificado desenvolvido a partir de 22 anos (1954 a distribuição espacial e temporal da erosividade da 1975) de registros de precipitação em Campinas por chuva no estado do Goiás e Distrito Federal a partir Lombardi Neto & Moldenhauer (1992), da série histórica de 1986 a 2017 de dados apresentando o seguinte modelo matemático: em que r e P são as precipitações médias (em mm), mensal e anual, respectivamente.
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