Abstract
Liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHC) are able to store hydrogen stably and safely in liquid form. The carrier can be loaded or unloaded with hydrogen via catalytic reactions. However, the release reaction brings certain challenges. In addition to an enormous heat requirement, the released hydrogen is contaminated by traces of evaporated LOHC and by-products. Micro process engineering offers a promising approach to meet these challenges. In this paper, a micro-structured multi-stage reactor concept with an intermediate separation of hydrogen is presented for the application of perhydro-dibenzyltoluene dehydrogenation. Each reactor stage consists of a micro-structured radial flow reactor designed for multi-phase flow of LOHC and released hydrogen. The hydrogen is separated from the reactors’ gas phase effluent via PdAg-membranes, which are integrated into a micro-structured environment. Separate experiments were carried out to describe the kinetics of the reaction and the separation ability of the membrane. A model was developed, which was fed with these data to demonstrate the influence of intermediate separation on the efficiency of LOHC dehydrogenation.
Highlights
In the context of the energy transition, various technologies are investigated to store fluctuating renewable energy over periods of varying lengths
An alternative technology is the storage of hydrogen in a so-called Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier (LOHC)
The LOHC can be loaded with hydrogen (LOHC+) or unloaded (LOHC-) by reversible hydrogenation
Summary
In the context of the energy transition, various technologies are investigated to store fluctuating renewable energy over periods of varying lengths. Electrical energy can be converted into chemical energy in the form of hydrogen by electrolysis. This hydrogen may serve as a clean and climate-neutral energy source for mobility and stationary applications in the future. Storage is difficult because the substance is a gas under atmospheric conditions and has a low volumetric energy density. Common solutions such as compressed hydrogen at 350 or 700 bar (0.8 or 1.3 kWhth /LH2 ) and liquid hydrogen (2.4 kWhth /LH2 ) only provide partial benefits due to the high-risk potential and the difficult handling. Micro-structured dehydrogenators with palladium membranes can be used in hydrogen filling stations, trains, or tankers to provide high-quality hydrogen from compact dehydrogenation units
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