Abstract
The aim. To determine the intensified method of extraction of phenolic compounds from Acorus calamus leaves and optimal conditions for the process.
 Materials and methods. In order to develop the optimal intensified method of extraction samples were prepared in different conditions of raw materials-extractant ratio, temperature, time and multiplicity. As a raw materials spectrophotometrically pre-standardized Acorus calamus leaves were used. The extraction was carried out in a hermetically sealed ultrasonic extraction reactor PEX 1 (REUS, Contes, France). As the criteria of extraction efficiency were indicators of dry residue and total amount of flavonoids determined using methods described in State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. The amount of flavonoids was determined spectrophotometrically on a certified device Specord 200 (Analytik Jena, Germany).
 Results. According to our research results it was found that ultrasonic action and addition of surfactant significantly improves the efficiency of the extraction process. The optimal conditions for the process were determined. Experimentally proved that the rational raw material-extractant ratio is 1:15. Comparative study of the extraction process with different temperatures showed that the highest amount of extractives is achieved at temperature 70 °C and 45 min of duration. The optimal extraction multiplicity is 3.
 Conclusions. As a result of the study, the intensified extraction method for Acorus calamus leaves – re-maceration with ultrasound – was established. The conducted researches allowed to develop the method of extraction, expedient in the conditions of the modern pharmaceutical industry.
Highlights
Phytotherapeutic treatment of most diseases has been known to mankind since ancient times
In the first stage of our research we studied the quantitative content of flavonoids in Acorus calamus leaves, which was 1.089±0.004 % in terms of hyperoside
Evaluation of the efficiency of extraction of biologically active substances (BAS) was performed on the basis of dry residue in terms of 1.0 of raw material
Summary
Phytotherapeutic treatment of most diseases has been known to mankind since ancient times. Modern therapy is mainly based on synthetic drugs. Fast and strong action makes them attractive to consumers, in the case of long-term use, they are dangerous to public health. That is why many modern studies are aimed to develop new drugs based on medicinal plant raw materials. The main argument in favor of the use of phytopreparations is their safety and complex effect on the human body, which provides high efficiency with minimal risk of side effects [1, 2]. The factor of drugs affordability is important for the population of Ukraine. Socio-political changes in recent years have led to a decline in living standards and manufactured medicines, especially imported ones, unaffordable for the majority of the population. Herbal based preparations are much cheaper than synthetic, which provide low cost of the final product
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