Abstract
A two-channel real-time intelligent electroencephalography (EEG) measurement system with electrical and optical stimulations is presented for seizure detection and suppression. Based on software control through a wireless interface, this system provides closed- and open-loop feedback control with programmable waveform for electrical and optical stimulations. Matlab graphical user interface is used to monitor the intracranial EEG, perform the algorithm for seizure detection, and adjust the required intensity, frequency, duty cycle, and duration of electrical and optical stimulations. The whole hardware device is embedded on a printed circuit board with the size of 27.3 mm $\times23.6$ mm. C57BL/6 mice with Thy1-ChR2-YFP gene transfer and drug-induced seizure are used to demonstrate epileptic seizure suppression according to electrical and optogenetic stimulation in the proposed wireless EEG measurement system.
Highlights
Epilepsy is a kind of neurological disorder caused by abnormal discharging of brain neurons [1]
Compared with the previous work [18], this paper overcomes the drawbacks in [18] including low-output stimulated voltage less than 3.3 V, higher power consumption because of using sigma–delta analogto-digital converter (ADC), low epileptic seizure identification without detection window in artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm, and low gain with 27 dB in the analog front-end that is insufficient for EEG signal acquisition
This subsection exhibits the experimental results of animal testing, which include the verification of seizure suppression by electrical and optical stimulators, and the comparison table with other prior architectures
Summary
Epilepsy is a kind of neurological disorder caused by abnormal discharging of brain neurons [1]. The artifacts on the measured electroencephalography (EEG) signals induced by optical stimulation are less than those caused by electrical stimulation. Most previous works contain one or two functions among the three features, namely, electrical stimulation, optical stimulation, and EEG recording. The system for epilepsy containing the mentioned optical and electrical stimulations, EEG signal sensing, epileptic waveform recognition, and GUI using discrete components with accessible firmware and software has not yet been proposed. Compared with the previous work [18], this paper overcomes the drawbacks in [18] including low-output stimulated voltage less than 3.3 V, higher power consumption because of using sigma–delta analogto-digital converter (ADC), low epileptic seizure identification without detection window in artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm, and low gain with 27 dB in the analog front-end that is insufficient for EEG signal acquisition.
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