Abstract
The fifth-generation (5G) mobile network services are currently being made available for different use case scenarios like enhanced mobile broadband, ultra-reliable and low latency communication, and massive machine-type communication. The ever-increasing data requests from the users have shifted the communication paradigm to be based on the type of the requested data content or the so-called information-centric networking (ICN). The ICN primarily aims to enhance the performance of the network infrastructure in terms of the stretch to opt for the best routing path. Reduction in stretch merely reduces the end-to-end (E2E) latency to ensure the requirements of the 5G-enabled tactile internet (TI) services. The foremost challenge tackled by the ICN-based system is to minimize the stretch while selecting an optimal routing path. Therefore, in this work, a reinforcement learning-based intelligent stretch optimization (ISO) strategy has been proposed to reduce stretch and obtain an optimal routing path in ICN-based systems for the realization of 5G-enabled TI services. A Q-learning algorithm is utilized to explore and exploit the different routing paths within the ICN infrastructure. The problem is designed as a Markov decision process and solved with the help of the Q-learning algorithm. The simulation results indicate that the proposed strategy finds the optimal routing path for the delay-sensitive haptic-driven services of 5G-enabled TI based upon their stretch profile over ICN, such as the augmented reality /virtual reality applications. Moreover, we compare and evaluate the simulation results of propsoed ISO strategy with random routing strategy and history aware routing protocol (HARP). The proposed ISO strategy reduces 33.33% and 33.69% delay as compared to random routing and HARP, respectively. Thus, the proposed strategy suggests an optimal routing path with lesser stretch to minimize the E2E latency.
Highlights
The evolution of wireless and cellular communication has played a key role in making lives easy and smart [1]
We have proposed and evaluated the use of intelligent stretch optimization (ISO) as a routing path optimization technique for the stretch reduction in the information-centric networking (ICN) framework in 5G and nextgeneration tactile internet (TI)
We evaluated our results for different reinforcement learning parameters like α, γ, and ε
Summary
The evolution of wireless and cellular communication has played a key role in making lives easy and smart [1]. MEC-based 5G is one of the key enablers to realize TI and allow haptic-driven AR/VR users to access the concerned application data from edge devices [20,21]. Recent studies revealed that tactile users or haptic-driven TI applications such as inter-personal communication for AR/VR users are more concerned about the data presence than the geographical location of requested data [25,26] This leads to the introduction of ICN for MEC [27,28]. ICN enabled MEC-based 5G system ensures high bandwidth capacity, content caching capability, and routing optimization to support low latency, and high reliability to users [38]. The proposed strategy opts for the path with the minimum stretch
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